Houseplants in January

Since there is very little gardening to be done outdoors in January, it's a great time to focus on houseplants. Consider the five main factors that affect the culture of houseplants: light, temperature, soil, water and humidity. The short days and low light at this time of year make it very important to maximize the effect of available light on houseplants. For plants with large leaves, use a wet, soft cloth to remove dust and dirt that might interfere with light absorption. To clean other plants, spray the leaves with water over a sink. Proper watering and humidity are necessary for vigorous and healthy houseplants. A warm home will cause the soil to dry quickly. Some plants wilt when they are dry; others drop their leaves. Use a water meter or stick your finger in the soil as far as possible. If it feels dry, it needs water. Only water when needed. When in doubt, wait. Excessive watering will cause crown rot. Heated homes are fine for cacti and succulents, but other houseplants will benefit from an occasional misting or being placed on a tray of stones and water to increase humidity. For most of the year, houseplants will need a standard fertilizer for indoor plants, used according to directions on the label. However, during the winter period of short days and very little growth, no fertilizer is needed. To avoid pests, remove faded flowers and leaves as soon as possible. Use only scrupulously clean pots and sterilized soil. Check upper and under foliage for signs of pests or disease. If discovered, treat immediately with a forceful stream of tap water or use horticultural soap according to the label. Isolate new houseplants for at least two weeks to avoid infecting other plants in the home.

Houseplants Part 2

Watering practice is crucial. More plants are killed by overwatering than from becoming too dry. Most of the big stores will have care tags on the plants. Be sure to read and follow directions. I have found that sometimes the care tags can be misleading. It is best to consult a houseplant book for accurate information if you have one. African violets will droop if overwatered. This is a signal the plant is being kept too wet. The medium should become dry between waterings. Fertilizing properly will keep the plants happy. One can go by the instructions on the label, although you may prefer to make more frequent, diluted applications such as quarter strength, weekly. About once a month it is wise to flush the medium with clear water to avoid buildup of excess soluble salts. Most foliage plants will be perfectly happy without fertilizer application between now and March, when days are short and light intensity low. They can't use the fertilizer during this period. Many of the flowering plants can be fertilized lightly during the dark months. More next time on Pests and diseases.

Its time to do some chores for the Fall Season

In the flower garden-

• Plant minor bulbs without delay.
• Dig gladiolas with brown foliage. Dry, clean and store in brown paper bags.
• Transplant peionies in full sun no deeper than 2 inches deep from growing points.
• Order lily bulbs, dormant roses for November planting.
• Compost spent plant parts that are free from insects and disease.

In the house-

• Be sure potted plants are pest free beflore retuning them inside.
• Pot herbs for the winter windowsill.
• Give poinsettias full south sun.
• Withhold water from amaryllis, store in a cool, dark place for the winter.
• Keep leaves clean with a weekly bath in tepid water.

for more flower garden tips