Houseplants in January

Since there is very little gardening to be done outdoors in January, it's a great time to focus on houseplants. Consider the five main factors that affect the culture of houseplants: light, temperature, soil, water and humidity. The short days and low light at this time of year make it very important to maximize the effect of available light on houseplants. For plants with large leaves, use a wet, soft cloth to remove dust and dirt that might interfere with light absorption. To clean other plants, spray the leaves with water over a sink. Proper watering and humidity are necessary for vigorous and healthy houseplants. A warm home will cause the soil to dry quickly. Some plants wilt when they are dry; others drop their leaves. Use a water meter or stick your finger in the soil as far as possible. If it feels dry, it needs water. Only water when needed. When in doubt, wait. Excessive watering will cause crown rot. Heated homes are fine for cacti and succulents, but other houseplants will benefit from an occasional misting or being placed on a tray of stones and water to increase humidity. For most of the year, houseplants will need a standard fertilizer for indoor plants, used according to directions on the label. However, during the winter period of short days and very little growth, no fertilizer is needed. To avoid pests, remove faded flowers and leaves as soon as possible. Use only scrupulously clean pots and sterilized soil. Check upper and under foliage for signs of pests or disease. If discovered, treat immediately with a forceful stream of tap water or use horticultural soap according to the label. Isolate new houseplants for at least two weeks to avoid infecting other plants in the home.